The expenses for developing new drugs are exorbitant. Thus, in the present scenario, more emphasis is laid to develop newer drug delivery technologies, which would ensure better patient compliance, drug efficacy and extends the term of patents of the existing molecules. Colon specific drug delivery has gained a more importance for the delivery at colonic region by use of various drugs to treat the both local and systemic diseases. Local diseases include ulcerative colitis, crohn’s disease, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal carcinomas. Other serious disorders which follow diurnal rhythm like nocturnal asthma, Hypertension, arthritis and angina can also be cured by this drug delivery system. A drug should be protected from the absorption and the upper GI environment to achieve the successful colonic drug delivery. This review mainly reveals on the various concepts and approaches include Prodrug, PH and time dependent systems and microbially triggered systems used in the development of colon specific drug delivery. This also focuses on the novel approaches namely Pressure controlled colonic delivery, osmotic controlled drug delivery and CODESTM. In-vitro and in-vivo evaluation parameters has been discussed here.
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